{"id":62869,"date":"2025-12-14T08:01:31","date_gmt":"2025-12-14T05:01:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rehabturk.net\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83\/"},"modified":"2025-12-14T08:01:31","modified_gmt":"2025-12-14T05:01:31","slug":"%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rehabturk.net\/blog\/%d8%af%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%84%d9%89-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d):<\/strong> \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0633\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 (IBD):<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u062d\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0631\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 (Hyperparathyroidism):<\/strong> \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0633 (Gout):<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0627\u064a\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0639 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649-\u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627-\u0645\u062a\u0649-\u064a\u062c\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u061f\">\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627: \u0645\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636-\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629-\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u064a):<\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0630\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 (\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0629):<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0621:<\/strong> \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0643\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0630\u0648 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629-\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\">\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649:<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644:<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 (\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 (CT Scan):<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 (non-contrast CT) \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Ultrasound):<\/strong> \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629. \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644. \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (X-ray):<\/strong> \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 (KUB X-ray)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629:<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649-\u0641\u064a-\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627-\u0645\u0639-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632-\u0639\u0644\u0649-\u0622\u062e\u0631-6-\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\">\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 (\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629-\u0645\u0646-\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645-eswl-extracorporeal-shock-wave-lithotripsy\">1. \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 (ESWL &#8211; Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f ESWL \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u0637\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 2 \u0633\u0645.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 ESWL \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062f\u0642. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 ESWL \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a (alpha-blockers) \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639\u064a-rirs-retrograde-intrarenal-surgery\">2. \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0648\u0639\u064a (RIRS &#8211; Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f RIRS \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0628 \u0631\u0641\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0646 (\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0648\u064a\u0629 (staghorn calculi) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631:<\/strong> \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0621 (GreenLight laser) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (high-power lasers)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649-\u0639\u0646-\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f-pcnl-percutaneous-nephrolithotomy\">3. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f (PCNL &#8211; Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f PCNL \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2 \u0633\u0645) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1 \u0633\u0645) \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0635 (nephroscope) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u064b \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0640 RIRS \u0623\u0648 ESWL. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 PCNL \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0627\u064b (mini-PCNL) \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 PCNL \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u0631 (ultra-mini PCNL) \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629-\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631-\u0623\u0648-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629-laparoscopic-or-robotic-surgery\">4. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Laparoscopic or Robotic Surgery)<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u061f<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 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\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u05d7\u05d5\u05d3\u05e9\u05d9\u05dd:<\/strong> \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 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id=\"h-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629-\u0622\u062e\u0631-6-\u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (\u0622\u062e\u0631 6 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f:<\/strong> \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a RIRS \u0648PCNL. \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 *Journal of Urology* \u0623\u0648 *European Urology*) \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629. (\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 PubMed \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;laser lithotripsy advancements 2023-2024&#8221;).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643) \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. (\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 &#8220;medical expulsive therapy for kidney stones&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a (MRI) \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 Dual-energy CT)\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644. (\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629-\u0641\u064a-\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627-\u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649\">\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642-\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\">\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0648\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 ESWL \u0648RIRS \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 PCNL \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 JCI (Joint Commission International)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u063a\u0644\u0627\u064b (Minimally Invasive Surgery) \u0645\u062b\u0644 RIRS \u0648PCNL\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u064b \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629\">\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0624\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a:<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f:<\/strong> \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0625\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c:<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d-\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649-\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f-\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\">\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a<\/h2>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0642\u0628\u0644-\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0642\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0632\u0648\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0628\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644-\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0629:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649. \u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u0628 2-3 \u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0635\u062d\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0643\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a:<\/strong> \u0633\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643. \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a:<\/strong> \u0627\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0643. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0638\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628:<\/strong> \u0627\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636:<\/strong> \u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644:\n<ul>\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645.<\/li>\n<li>\u062d\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"h-\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629-\u0645\u0646-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649-\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u064b:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a:<\/strong> \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646:<\/strong> \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u064b \u063a\u0630\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u064b \u0635\u062d\u064a \u0627\u064b \u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0644\u0643 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627-\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631-\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627-\u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629-\u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643-\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c-\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/h2>\n<p>\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649&#8221; \u0648&#8221;\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627&#8221; \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c RIRS\u060c \u0648PCNL.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629:<\/strong> \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639\u0628.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644-\u0628\u0646\u0627-\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646-\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621-\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a!\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a!<\/h2>\n<p>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0643. \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/rehabturk.net\/blog\/medical-consultation\/\">\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>References<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mayoclinic.org\/diseases-conditions\/kidney-stones\/symptoms-causes\/syc-20355673\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Mayo Clinic &#8211; Kidney Stones<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/my.clevelandclinic.org\/health\/diseases\/14500-kidney-stones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cleveland Clinic &#8211; Kidney Stones<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nhs.uk\/conditions\/kidney-stones\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NHS &#8211; Kidney Stones<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auanet.org\/patients\/patient-resources\/kidney-stones\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Urological Association &#8211; Kidney Stones<\/a><\/li>\n<li>Reputable Turkish Hospitals Websites (e.g., Ac\u0131badem Healthcare Group, Memorial Healthcare Group, Liv Hospital etc. &#8211; specific URLs will vary and are dynamic; general reference to their urology departments and services is made here<\/li>\n<li>Recent articles in urology journals (e.g., Journal of Urology, European Urology, Urology Practice) discussing advancements in lithotripsy, RIRS, and PCNL technologies and outcomes. Specific study URLs are dynamic and depend on the latest publications, but key terms for search include &#8220;laser lithotripsy advancements,&#8221; &#8220;mini-PCNL outcomes,&#8221; &#8220;RIRS technology updates,&#8221; etc. for the period of late 2023 to mid-2024.<\/li>\n<li>Websites and resources related to the benefits and practices of minimally invasive urological surgery in Turkey.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u063a\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u061f<\/h3>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c 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